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Cu(In 4

薄膜润滑 4

Ga)Se₂ 3

2021全球十大工程成就 2

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膜分离 2

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Operating characteristic analysis on the ultra-thin low temperature floor-heating system

Hualing ZHANG, Xiaopeng SONG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第2期页码 127-132 doi: 10.1007/s11709-013-0200-3

摘要： Prefabricated ultra-thin radiant heating panel, as a new heating terminal type, is becoming a highlight in Yangtze River Valley area, China recently. However, there is a lack of operating characteristic research in this region, especially the energy consumption and operating mode are even less. To obtain these data, a heating system was set up in a duplex house in Chongqing. The test results show that the floor heating system could almost satisfy thermal comfort requirement at supply water temperature 45°C. But the preheating time was up to 4.5 h which was 1 h longer than that at supply water temperature 50°C. Meanwhile, the energy consumption at supply water temperature 50°C increased 0.10 Nm /h, and the operating efficiency decrease about 2.6% compared to those at water temperature 45°C. Considering both the thermal lag and operating efficiency, a reasonable suggestion was proposed in this paper. That was, the standard families which just stay home at night should adopt the interim mode of partial room with part time. And the supply water temperature should be properly raised during the preheating period and lowered down in the steady heating stage.

关键词： ultra-thin floor heating panel the preheating time thermal comfort energy saving

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A measurement system for thin elastohydrodynamic lubrication films

WANG Xuefeng, GUO Feng, YANG Peiran

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第2卷第2期页码 193-196 doi: 10.1007/s11465-007-0032-8

摘要： An elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) film measurement system using multi-beam interferometry is introduced in this paper. The measurement principle and the instrumentation are discussed. A simple and efficient method is suggested to obtain the fringe order of measured points. It is demonstrated that the presented measurement system can provide continuous measurement of lubricating films from nano to micro scales at a nano-level resolution, and can be used to investigate ultra-thin EHL films and tiny variations in EHL films.

关键词： instrumentation continuous measurement elastohydrodynamic lubrication ultra-thin measurement

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面向未来低碳道路养护的超薄罩面功能性研究综述 Review

郭猛, 张瑞, 杜修力, 刘鹏飞

《工程（英文）》 2024年第32卷第1期页码 83-99 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.03.020

摘要：

截至2021年，中国公路养护总里程达到525万公里。超薄罩面作为最常用的路面养护技术之一，可以显著提高路面的经济效益和环境效益。为了促进超薄罩面的低碳发展，本文主要研究了超薄罩面几种功能性的作用机理及影响因素。首先，对超薄罩面的抗滑性能、降噪性能、抗车辙性能和抗裂性能进行了评价。结果表明，优质集料可使超薄罩面的抗滑和抗车辙性能提高5 %~20 %。优化后的级配及改性胶结料可将超薄罩面的噪音降低0.4~6.0 dB。高粘度改性胶结料可使超薄罩面混合料的抗车辙性能提高10 %~130 %。玄武岩纤维可使超薄罩面的抗裂性提升20 %以上。由于超薄罩面具有更薄的厚度及更好的道路性能，其基于性能的工程成本与传统罩面相比，可降低30 %~40 %。其次，研究了超薄罩面的几种环保功能，包括融雪除冰、废气降解和路面降温。由于超薄罩面的厚度较薄，有利于氯化物融雪材料向路表的扩散。因此，自融雪超薄罩面的融雪效果较好。此外，含有光催化材料的超薄罩面混合料可以分解20 %~50 %的尾气污染物。彩色超薄罩面最高能够将路面温度降低8.1 ℃。而含有热阻材料的超薄罩面的上下表面温差最高可达12.8 ℃。此外，本文总结了功能型超薄罩面在全世界的一些典型工程应用。本综述有助于研究人员更好地理解超薄罩面的功能性，同时可促进未来多功能低碳道路养护的实现。

关键词：道路养护超薄罩面融雪除冰尾气降解路面降温低碳

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非线性弹性薄膜表面效应的尺寸相关性研究

黄殿武,连媛,李凯

《中国工程科学》 2006年第8卷第4期页码 54-59

摘要：

在Mindlin假设的前提下，考虑了几何非线性条件及表面效应的影响，建立了纳米尺度下尺寸相关的板状各向同性弹性薄膜模型；从哈密尔顿变分原理出发，导出了薄膜的控制方程，用公式明确阐述了由表面张力引起的符合经典板理论且与薄膜变形相关的残余膜力和弯矩；通过微小尺寸薄膜弯曲的算例，说明了表面效应与薄膜厚度的相关性，当薄膜厚度等于或者小于其内禀尺度时，表面效应对薄膜厚度表现出很强的敏感性。

关键词：弹性薄膜几何非线性表面效应内禀尺度尺度相关

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Review of characterization and modeling of polymer electrolyte fuel cell catalyst layer: The blessing and curse of ionomer

Jun HUANG, Zhe LI, Jianbo ZHANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第3期页码 334-364 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0490-6

摘要： Ionomer impregnation represents a milestone in the evolution of polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) catalyst layers. Ionomer acts as the binder, facilitates proton transport, and thereby drastically improves catalyst utilization and effectiveness. However, advanced morphological and functional characterizations have revealed that up to 60% of Pt nanoparticles can be trapped in the micropores of carbon support particles. Ionomer clusters and oxygen molecules can hardly enter into micropores, leading to low Pt utilization and effectiveness. Moreover, the ionomer thin-films covering Pt nanoparticles can cause significant mass transport loss especially at high current densities. Ionomer-free ultra-thin catalyst layers (UTCLs) emerge as a promising alternative to reduce Pt loading by improving catalyst utilization and effectiveness, while theoretical issues such as the proton conduction mechanism remain puzzling and practical issues such as the rather narrow operation window remain unsettled. At present, the development of PEFC catalyst layer has come to a crossroads: staying ionomer-impregnated or going ionomer-free. It is always beneficial to look back into the past when coming to a crossroads. This paper addresses the characterization and modeling of both the conventional ionomer-impregnated catalyst layer and the emerging ionomer-free UTCLs, featuring advances in characterizing microscale distributions of Pt particles, ionomer, support particles and unraveling their interactions; advances in fundamental understandings of proton conduction and flooding behaviors in ionomer-free UTCLs; advances in modeling of conventional catalyst layers and especially UTCLs; and discussions on high-impact research topics in characterizing and modeling of catalyst layers.

关键词： polymer electrolyte fuel cell ultra-thin catalyst layer electrostatic interactions characterization and modeling structure-property-performance relation water management

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Thermal performance of phase change material energy storage floor for active solar water-heating system

Ruolang ZENG, Xin WANG, Wei XIAO, Yinping ZHANG, Qunli ZHANG, Hongfa DI,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第2期页码 185-191 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0079-9

摘要： The conventional active solar water-heating floor system contains a big water tank to store energy in the day time for heating at night, which takes much building space and is very heavy. In order to reduce the water tank volume or even cancel the tank, a novel structure of an integrated water pipe floor heating system using shape-stabilized phase change materials (SSPCM) for thermal energy storage was developed and experimentally studied in this paper. The thermal performances of the floors with and without the SSPCM were compared under the intermittent heating condition. The results show that the Energy Storage Ratio (ESR) of the SSPCM floor is much higher than that of the non-SSPCM floor; the SSPCM floor heating system can provide stable heat flux and prevent a large attenuation of the floor surface temperature. Also, the SSPCM floor heating system dampens the indoor temperature swing by about 50% and increases the minimum indoor air temperature by 2°C–3°C under experimental conditions. The SSPCM floor heating system has a potential of making use of the daytime solar energy for heating at night efficiently.

关键词： phase change material energy storage ratio active solar water-heating

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Designs and practices of energy saving in Lhasa Railway Station

Kai CUI, Yungang PAN, Lixin SHAN,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第1期页码 106-116 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0011-3

摘要： The design, construction, operation and on-site measurement of Lhasa Railway Station was summarized. The problems and corresponding solutions during the implementation of building energy saving design and utilization of solar energy were proposed.

关键词： building energy saving natural ventilation solar energy radiant floor heating

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Structural performance of a façade precast concrete sandwich panel enabled by a bar-type basalt fiber-reinforced

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第1期页码 122-137 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0894-1

摘要： In this study, a novel diagonally inserted bar-type basalt fiber reinforced polymer (BFRP) connector was proposed, aiming to achieve both construction convenience and partially composite behavior in precast concrete sandwich panels (PCSPs). First, pull-out tests were conducted to evaluate the anchoring performance of the connector in concrete after exposure to different temperatures. Thereafter, direct shear tests were conducted to investigate the shear performance of the connector. After the test on the individual performance of the connector, five façade PCSP specimens with the bar-type BFRP connector were fabricated, and the out-of-plane flexural performance was tested under a uniformly distributed load. The investigating parameters included the panel length, opening condition, and boundary condition. The results obtained in this study primarily indicated that 1) the bar-type BFRP connector can achieve a reliable anchorage system in concrete; 2) the bar-type BFRP connector can offer sufficient stiffness and capacity to achieve a partially composite PCSP; 3) the boundary condition of the panel considerably influenced the out-of-plane flexural performance and composite action of the investigated façade PCSP.

关键词： precast concrete sandwich panel basalt fiber reinforced polymer pull-out performance shear performance out-of-plane flexural performance

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AMMONIA DISPERSION FROM MULTI-FLOOR VERSUS STANDARD SINGLE-FLOOR PIG PRODUCTION FACILITIES BASED ON COMPUTATIONAL

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第10卷第3期页码 374-389 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023501

摘要：

● NH₃ dispersion from a multi-floor pig building was compared to a single-floor building.

关键词： pig building computational fluid dynamics ammonia dispersion

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Effectiveness of state incentives for promoting wind energy: A panel data examination

Deepak SANGROYA,Jogendra NAYAK

《能源前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第3期页码 247-258 doi: 10.1007/s11708-015-0364-8

摘要： Over the last decade, India has started to concentrate earnestly on renewable energy. The Indian government, as well as different state governments, are adopting policy instruments such as feed in tariff, captive consumption, renewable purchase obligation and generation based incentive etc. aimed at renewable energy development. This paper evaluates the effectiveness of state level incentives for the development of wind energy in India. Fixed effect panel data modelling technique of econometric analysis is used to analyse the data of 26 Indian states in 11 years. The results show that feed in tariff and captive consumption are the significant predictors of wind energy development. However, renewable purchase obligation does not affect wind energy significantly.

关键词： India wind energy development state incentives econometric analysis panel data

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On braced trapezoidal corrugated steel shear panels: An experimental and numerical study

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第3期页码 396-410 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0934-5

摘要： In this study, a new system consisting of a combination of braces and steel infill panels called the braced corrugated steel shear panel (BCSSP) is presented. To obtain the hysteretic behavior of the proposed system, the quasi-static cyclic performances of two experimental specimens were first evaluated. The finite element modeling method was then verified based on the obtained experimental results. Additional numerical evaluations were carried out to investigate the effects of different parameters on the system. Subsequently, a relationship was established to estimate the buckling shear strength of the system without considering residual stresses. The results obtained from the parametric study indicate that the corrugated steel shear panel (CSSP) with the specifications of a = 30 mm, t = 2 mm, and θ = 90° had the highest energy dissipation capacity and ultimate strength while the CSSP with the specifications of a = 30 mm, t = 2 mm, and θ = 30° had the highest initial stiffness. It can thus be concluded that the latter CSSP has the best structural performance and that increasing the number of corrugations, corrugation angle, and plate thickness and decreasing the sub-panel width generally enhance the performance of CSSPs in terms of the stability of their hysteretic behaviors.

关键词： trapezoidal corrugated plate steel shear panel braced steel shear panel experimental study buckling resistance.

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Can floor-area-ratio incentive promote low impact development in a highly urbanized area?

Ming Cheng, Huapeng Qin, Kangmao He, Hongliang Xu

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-1002-y

摘要： As an environmental friendly measure for surface runoff reduction, low impact development (LID) has been applied successfully in urban areas. However, due to high price of land and additional expense for LID construction in highly urbanized areas, the developers of real estate would not like to proceed LID exploitation. Floor area ratio (FAR) refers to “the ratio of a building’s total floor area to the size of the piece of land upon which it is built.” Increasing FAR indicates that the developers can construct higher buildings and earn more money. By means of awarding FAR, the developers may be willing to practice LID construction. In this study, a new residential district is selected as a case study to analyze the trade-off between the runoff reduction goal achieving by LID practices and the incentive of awarding FAR to promote LID construction. The System for Urban Stormwater Treatment and Analysis IntegratioN (SUSTAIN) model is applied to simulate the runoff reduction under various LID designs and then derive the Pareto-optimal solutions to achieve urban runoff reduction goals based on cost efficiency. The results indicates that the maximum surface runoff reduction is 20.5%. Under the extremity scenarios, the government has options to award FAR of 0.028, 0.038 and 0.047 and the net benefits developers gain are 0 CNY, one million CNY and two million CNY, respectively. The results provide a LID construction guideline related to awarding FAR, which supports incentive policy making for promoting LID practices in the highly urbanized areas.

关键词： Low impact development Runoff reduction Incentive Floor area ratio SUSTAIN(System for Urban Stormwater Treatment and Analysis IntegratioN)

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农作物秸秆人造板的研究

周定国

《中国工程科学》 2009年第11卷第10期页码 115-121

摘要：

发展农作物秸秆人造板产业对于保护森林资源和人类环境，解决我国木材原料供应不足的矛盾具有重要的现实意义。近年来，科技人员在农作物秸秆人造板基础研究、产品开发和工业化应用方面做了大量的研究工作。文章介绍了笔者及所在团队在秸秆原料特性和秸秆板制造工艺方面的最新研究成果。

关键词：农作物秸秆人造板研究前景

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H_∞ control in the frequency domain for a semi-active floor isolation system

Yundong SHI, Tracy C BECKER, Masahiro KURATA, Masayoshi NAKASHIMA

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第3期页码 264-275 doi: 10.1007/s11709-013-0214-x

摘要： A floor isolation system installed in a single floor or room in a fixed base structure is designed to protect equipment. With this configuration, the input motions to the floor isolation from the ground motions are filtered by the structure, leaving the majority of the frequency content of the input motion lower than the predominant frequency of the structure. The floor isolation system should minimize the acceleration to protect equipment; however, displacement must also be limited to save floor space, especially with long period motion. Semi-active control with an control was adopted for the floor isolation system and a new input shaping filter was developed to account for the input motion characteristics and enhance the effectiveness of the control. A series of shake table tests for a semi-active floor isolation system using rolling pendulum isolators and a magnetic-rheological damper were performed to validate the control. Passive control using an oil damper was also tested for comparison. The test results show that the control effectively reduced acceleration for short period motions with frequencies close to the predominant frequency of the structure, as well as effectively reduced displacement for long period motions with frequencies close to the natural frequency of the floor isolation system. The control algorithm proved to be more advantageous than passive control because of its capacity to adjust control strategies according to the different motion frequency characteristics.

关键词： semi-active floor isolation H_∞ control MR damper shaping filter shaking table test

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潜运沉管建闸方法

周君亮

《中国工程科学》 2000年第2卷第11期页码 78-83

摘要：

潜运沉管建闸适用在航运发达的顺直河道上建设水工建筑物。闸位取在原来航道上，闸室和闸门口径可以与航道等宽，运行期不碍航；闸室的钢筋混凝土的浇筑，预埋、闸门和启闭设备的安装和调试等都可在预制场内完成；预制场灌水后，确定闸身潜运时的有效质量和底板底高程，使潜运及在航道内的定位工作十分简便；可以水上拆装和动水开关闸门；施工风险小，施工期短，临时工程少，工程造价省。

关键词：潜运沉管建闸方法水上拆装闸门